Reflector.



A. AMES, JR.

REFLECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. so. 1916.

Patented Feb. 20,1917.

ITJUQ @07 dJeZZeri/ dwwa H519 QZZorne Z Q ADELBERT AMES, J 1%,, OF TEWKSBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

REFLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedFeb. 20, 1917.

Application filed September so, 1916. Serial No. 123,035.

To all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that I, ADELBERT AMns, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and resident of Tewksbury, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reflectors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflecting member and means for positioning it with respect to an incandescent lamp bulb or other source of light. The apparatus may be employed alone as a show window reflector, desk light reflector, etc., but it is particularly designed to be employed in combination with a paraboloidal projector or other type of light projector as a deflector for deflecting light to the main reflecting surface in such manner that it is projected wholly on one side of a plane containing the axis of the projector.

Apparatus of the same general character as the subject matter of this application is disclosed in my copending application Sr. No. 102,086, filed June 6, 1916, of which this is a continuation in part. In the former application I have set forth at length the underlying principles and the theory of operation of apparatus of this general character which, in the form illustrated, is adapted to project a concentrated beam of light in and below a horizontal direction without producing upward glare, and reference may be had to the former application for the principles and optical considerations pertaining to the apparatus. v

The principal object of the invention is to provide means for conveniently mounting a reflector or deflector adjacent an incandescent lamp bulb or other light source employed in the apparatus and to provide such means in a form which can be manufactured in an inexpensive manner and which can be readily secured to standard apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings,-

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the deflector secured in position in a paraboloidal projector;

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the deflector shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the deflector shown in Fig. 1.'

The paraboloidal projector P is a wellknown type of projector having a socket 1 adjustably attached thereto. The lamp bulb 2, which may also be of standard form, is

mounted by means of its ferrule in the;

socket 1 and may be secured therein by means of plus 4 cooperating with bayonet slots in the socket in a well-known manner. In order to prevent llght radiating for-' direction. Suitable means for this purpose, lncludlng a deflector D surrounding the upper forward portion of the lamp bulb and a deflector D surrounding the upper rearward portion of the light source, have been fully described in my copending application above referred to and an extended description of the theory of operation of these two deflectors need not be repeated in this application. In the present type ofapparatus the deflectors D and D are preferably mounted on the socket 1 by means of a sleeve 22 which is brazed to the deflector D and which is held in adjusted position on socket'l by means of a set screw 23 or other suitable means.

When employing a light source having portions. extending below the horizontal plane containing the axis of the reflector, light from the displaced portions of the source is reflected upwardly from the rear central portion of the reflector, resulting in upward glare, and, as explained in my above mentioned application, a simple and effective means for eliminating this upward glare comprises an apron depending from the rear of the deflectors D andthus shielding the central portion of the reflector. In the present disclosure an apron 7 of concave contour is shown, this contour being especially advantageous when using the deflector with a small projector where the space between the focus and the reflecting surface is restricted and where a fiat apron might engage the reflecting surface and prevent the deflector being properly position. The apron is preferably rendered non-reflecting by means of a coating of black paint 8 or by other suitable means and this nonreflecting' area preferably includes the lower portion of the deflector D owing to the fact that upward glare may result from this portion of a spherical deflector if it is not modified in some manner, as, for example, by the paint above described or by being flared outwardly, all as described, in my prior application.

In order to insert the lamp'bulb 2 within the deflectors it is necessary either to make the two deflectors detachable or pivotally to connect them together in such manner that the forward deflector D can be swung out of alinement with the socket, for example, upwardly, when inserting the lamp bulb. In the preferred form the pivotal form of connection comprises a struck-up band 8 on the forward-central portion of the deflector D and arms 9 on the rear central portion of the d'eflector'D, these two arms and band being connected together by a rod 11 forming a pivotal connection. A coiled spring 12 is preferably provided around the pin 11 with its two ends abutting against the respective deflectors, in such manner as to urge the deflector D in a clockwise direction around the pivot 11.

For the purpose of adding strength to the deflector D and rendering it more rigid, I

provide a flange 10 or. the rear edge of the deflector, the flange preferably being formed by bending the rear edge" of the deflector inwardly in such manner that the flange lies in the vertical plane of the rearedge of the deflector. The flange 10 also serves. the important function of so obstructing the space between the two deflectors that light cannot pass between the deflectors to the upper portion ofthe reflector in such manner as to be projected upwardly.

In order to limit the movement of the deflector D due to the action of the spring 12 and also to properly position the deflector D with respect to the light source, I provide stops which preferably comprise two cars 13, one on either side and at the lower forward edges of the deflector-D. These ears are preferably formed integrally with the deflector D ,in the form of narrow bands comprising forward continuations of the lower portions of the sides of the deflector.

These bands are bent outwardly at angles of 90 into the vertical'plane of the forward edge of the deflector D and are then bent forwardly at angles of slightly more than 90 in such manner that they engage the outer surfaces of the lower rearward portions of the deflector D, the corners of the deflector D being cut away as indicated at 14 so that theshoulders 16 lie substantially in the plane of the forward edge of the deflector D, whereby the deflector D is maintained in the proper position with respect to the light source.

In placing the device in position, the deflector D is swung upwardly about the pivot 11, the ferrule of the lamp bulb is inserted into the socket l as shown in Fig. 1, and the deflector D is then allowed to swing downwardly' due to the action of spring I2 until the shoulders 16 engage the radial portions of the ears 13, the lower portion of the cup 25 being cut away as shown at 26 to permit the cup to pass over the tip of the lamp bulb in the event that the tip extends forwardly beyond the inner surface of the deflector. Owing to the fact that the portions of the ears 13 which project forwardly engage the outer surface of the deflector D, a frictional engagement is afforded which tends to supplement the action of the spring in holding the deflector D in its normal position.

It is to be noted that the words upper, lower, above, below, etc., are used through out the specification and'claims merely for convenience in referring to relative locations and directions and that my invention is not. limited to apparatus employed solely in the position herein described. On the contrary, the application is applicable wherever it is desired to reflect light in a certain direction.

I claim:

1. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector partially surrounding the light source, means for pivotally supporting the reflector, and means including stops to control the pivotal movement of the: reflector and maintain it in position with respect to the light source.

2. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a substantially spherical reflector surrounding the light source in the region above and in front of horizontal and vertical transverse planes through the light source, respectively, and means substantially in said vertical plane pivotally to support the reflector.

3. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector partially surrounding the light source, a smaller concave reflector partially surrounding the light source, means for supporting the smaller reflector, and means for pivotally connecting the first reflector to the smaller reflector.

4. Light reflecting apparatus for an in candescent lamp comprising a supporting member at leastpartially surrounding the lamp ferrule and extending forwardly thereof, a concave reflector surrounding a portion of the lamp bulb, and means to pivotally support the reflector on said member forwardly of the said ferrule.

5. Reflecting apparatus for an incandescent lamp comprising a reflector surrounding the rear upper portion of the lamp bulb, the reflector having a member at least in part surrounding the lamp ferrule for supporting the reflector, a second reflector surrounding the forward upper portion of the lamp bulb, and means for pivotally mounting the second reflector on the first reflector.

6. Light reflecting apparatus for an incandescent lamp comprising a reflector surrounding the rear upper portion of the lamp bulb, the reflector having a member at least in part surrounding the lamp ferrule vfor supporting the reflector, a second reflector surrounding the forward upper portion of the lamp bulb, means above the lamp bulb for 'pivotally mounting the second reflector on the first reflector, and means for yieldingly holding the second reflector in fixed position with respect to the lamp.

7. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a substantially quarter-spherical reflector, a second substantially quarter-spherical reflector, means for pivotally securing the said reflectors together, and means for attaching.

one of the reflectors to a lamp socket.

8. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector'surrounding the upper forward portion of a lamp, means for pivotally supporting the reflector, and means engaging the reflector on opposite sides for holding it in'fixed position with respect to the pivotally supporting means.

9. Light reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector surrounding the upper forward portion of a lamp, means above. the

lamp for pivotally supporting the reflector,

and members on opposite sides .ofthe lamp for frictionally engaging the reflector and for holding it in normal position. with respect to the pivotally supporting means.

10. Light projection apparatus comprising a light source, a concave reflectorpositioned at least in part below a horizontal plane. passing through the region of the light source, the light source being ositioned with respect to the focus-of sai reflector in such manner as horizontally to project a beam of light without producing upward lare, a reflector having at least one substantially spherical reflecting] surface above said plane with its center positioned with respect to the light source'so asv to deflect upwardly radiating light to the concave reflector in such manner as-to be projected downwardljn. and a concave apron behind the light source and below said plane for preventing light radiating rearwardly and downwardly from the-source from being projected upwardly.

11. Light projection apparatus comprising a light source, a reflecting surface positioned at least in part below a horizontal plane passing throu' hthe region of the source, a substantia ly spherical reflector above said plane with its center in the region of the-light source, and a concave shield behind the light source to prevent light striking said reflecting surface in the region oftheaxis.' f

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this twenty-second day of September, 1916.

'ADELBERT AMES,.JR. 

